Comprehensive Security: The Opportunities and Challenges of Incorporating Environmental Threats in Security Policy

In security and foreign policy discourse, environmental issues have been discussed increasingly as threats that require immediate action. Yet, the traditional sector does not provide straightforward means to deal with climate change other issues, this has prompted concerns over undue securitisation ill-placed extreme measures. We argue an effective address foreseeable can only be developed maintained by ensuring it remains resolutely within domain of civil society. article, we consider case Finland, where concept comprehensive presented official guideline for preparedness activities in different sectors. Comprehensive aims safeguard vital functions society through cooperation between authorities, business operators, organisations, citizens. analyse opportunities challenges Finland’s addressing changes a three-level framework local, geopolitical structural impacts. Our empirical evidence is based on set expert interviews (n = 40) represent wide range fields relevant unconventional issues. find Finnish model provides example inclusive perspective which would allow taking into account concerns. However, due major implementation model, fully incorporate long-term, cross-sectoral, cascading aspects threats. This weakens against currently poses some most urgent problems.